Nissa  -  Turkmenistan   -   2013

Nissa was founded by The Pathians in the 3rd century BC.
One ruling dynasty replaced another until the 13th century AD when the Mongols razed the city.
Nissa is 18 km south of the capital, Ashgabat.



The ridges around the Nissa plateau provided natural protection to the city.
























Ancient windows.












In one part of the complex there are the remains of a large circular chamber
 thought to have been a Zoroastrian Temple.


How it may have looked ...






Margaret was in her element.  She had a long talk with the head archaeologist, an Italian from a university in Turin.
Archaoelogists from the university have been excavating here since 1982.














Helping out ...






Still asking questions ...


Now helping out too...




























Ancient pipes.








































 





A local guide.